ENCYCLOPAEDIA of Rebellions

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Anti-liberal violence in Estremoz 1833

Synopsis
"Horrendous slaughter". This epithet summarizes what happened on July 27, 1833, in Estremoz, Alentejo. At the time, there was a rampaging civil war in Portugal, which began in 1832, opposing liberals and absolutists, the first faction led by D. Pedro (successor son of king João VI) and the second by his brother D. Miguel. In this region, the influence of the caciquism was remarkable. Therefore, a significant part of the citizens supported D. Miguel. The massacre was led by people of low and medium social status against liberal prisoners. After a conflict located in the neighboring town of Vila Viçosa, on July 6, twenty Liberal prisoners were transported to Estremoz. Due to the political climate, they were met with animosity. These prisoners joined the other liberals already incarcerated in the dungeons of Estremoz. On July 27 the mobilization of the people of Estremoz culminated in the death of 33 liberal prisoners. What happened in Estremoz was a defining moment in the context of the civil war. The gravity of this event contributed to the ceasefire between the factions. In this context, this episode also resulted in the convention signed in Évora Monte, also in Alentejo, on 26 May 1834, which marked the end of the civil war.
Additional info

Starting date: . Ending: . Duration: 1 day. Name in sources: Massacre dos Armazéns. Location: Estremoz Country (current): Portugal. Monarchy: Portuguese. Main participants: Undifferentiated. Number of participants: 50-100. Main reasons & motivations: Political. Leadership: Victorino Pinto José Gonçalves, Joaquim Manoel Mendes, Aliuras. Relevance: low.

Further reading
G, A.J.F. (1834). Horrorosa mortandade feita em todos os presos políticos que se achavão no Castello de Extremoz no infausto dia 27 de Julho de 1833, com todas as circunstancias que acompanhárâo tão inaudita catastrofe, e nomes dos assassinos, e presos assassinados. Lisboa: Imprensa da rua dos Fanqueiros. SÁ, M.F. (2004). Modernização e conflito no mundo rural do século XIX: politização e politica popular na Maria da Fonte. Lisboa: FSCH. SARDICA, J. M. (2013). Portugal Contemporâneo: estudos de história. Lisboa: UCP Editora.
Cite this entry

(2023) "Anti-liberal violence in Estremoz 1833", in J. V. Serrão and M. S. Cunha (coord), Rebellions in the Early Modern Iberian World. (accessed on ).